top of page
Top-down control
Causation & process
Regulation of the abundance, behavior, distribution, or other attributes of organisms at lower trophic levels by consumers at higher trophic levels.
Hairston, N. G., Smith, F. E., & Slobodkin, L. B. (1960). Community structure, population control, and competition. The American Naturalist, 94(879), 421–425.
bottom of page